Do you want to know What is Renal Parenchymal Disease and What kind of kidney disease can cause renal parenchymal disease? Follow the folling content and learn more about Renal Parenchymal Disease,
Renal parenchymal disease includes maladies that damage the outermost
internal region of the kidney where filtration and urine formation occur.
Autoimmune disorders, medical conditions, or obstructions may all contribute to
this disease. Lupus, bacterial infections,diabetes and high blood pressure,
along with kidney stones can traumatize delicate tissue, causing scarring and
possibly leading to eventual kidney failure. Managing systemic diseaseprocesses,
however, may prevent kidney damage and failure from occurring.
Millions of nephrons lie within the renal parenchymal area of each kidney.
The nephrons contain arterioles, or small blood vessels, known as glomeruli,
that are surrounded by tubules. The glomeruli receive oxygen rich blood that
contain excess electrolytes, salts, and water and transport the unnecessary
blood products and water to the renal tubules. The tubules pass through the
renal medulla, or the center of the kidney, into another system of tubules that
combine and empty into the ureter.
Studies estimate that up to 50% of patients diagnosed with lupus
erythematosus experience arenal parenchymal disease known as lupus nephritis.
Lupus causes abnormal antibody production in the body, and these malfunctioning
antibodies attack healthy cells, including those within the nephrons. The
kidney's normal filtering processes are diminished when cell damage in the
parenchymal tissue occurs. The disease might also produce inflammation of the
kidney, adding pressure to damaged glomeruli.
Symptoms of lupus nephritis include swelling in the feet, legs, and around
the eyes. Patients may excrete urine that appears foamy or bloody. Inadequate
filtering and excess fluid also cause increased blood pressure. Blood tests
evaluate the efficiency of the filtering process andultrasound imaging reveals
abnormal kidney tissue. Treatment may include glucocorticoids and
chemotherapeutic agents to reduce overall inflammation.
Uncontrolled diabetes may eventually lead to renal parenchymal disease and
subsequent kidney failure. The flood of sugar-laden blood in the glomeruli puts
increased stress on the filtering system and increases pressure within the
delicate arterioles. The strain of continuously ridding the body of sugar
diminishes filtering ability and eventually causes permanent damage. Protein
spills into the urine instead of staying in the blood and sugar also enters the
urine. Renal insufficiency contributes to hypertension, but hypertension can
also cause renal problems.
Excess body fluids trigger renin/angiotensin release and subsequent response
from the sympathetic nervous system to constrict blood vessels, forcing more
blood to the kidneys.Renal parenchymal disease takes place when this
constriction forces fluid through fragile glomeruli and other capillaries,
causing cellular damage to vessel linings. During the reparative process,
scarring occurs, and vessels become thickened and stiff. Without a permeable
surface, glomeruli filtration is diminished.
Cellular and tissue damage can also occur when an patient has kidney stones.
Uric acid andcalcium crystals combine with oxalate to form stones of various
sizes and shapes. Bacterial infections initiate increased enzyme, ammonia, and
other chemical production, which may produce a by-product known as struvite
stones. Besides inflammation and swelling, which contribute to decreased
filtration, the foreign objects may tear vessels and tissues. Scar tissueforms,
inhibiting proper kidney function and contributing to renal parenchymal
disease.
Treatments of Renal Parenchymal Disease
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